Aplikasi monit yaitu aplikasi yang berfungsi untuk memonitor aplikasi yang jalan di server. Mengapa aplikasi diserver perlu dilakukan monitoring? ada beberapa alasan antara lain :
- Aplikasi diserver tidak 100% baik, sebagai misal aplikasi yang jalan 24 jam kemungkinan ada kelemahan manajemen memory (memory leak) selalu ada walaupun kecil. Apabila ini dibiarkan terus dapat menyebabkan sumberdaya (resource) server khususnya memory menjadi penuh an perlu dikosongkan, yaitu dengan cara paling mudah restart aplikasi atau restart servernya
- Aplikasi di server dalam beban kecil dapat berjalan dengan baik, akan tetapi ketika ada beban besar, misal yang akses tiba tiba datang dalam jumlah ribuan bersamaan dan menyebabkan aplikasi bahkan server menjadi hank
Aplikasi kecil monit ini mempunyai fungsi adalah memonitor aplikasi server yang kita daftarkan di monit, apabila terjadi sesuatu di aplikasi server berdasarkan pengecekan monit maka akan dilakukan sesuai oleh monit.
Pengecekan monit dapat dilakukan antara lain :
- Cek apakah port layanan server aktif
- Cek apakah file .pid ada atau tidak
Aksi yang dilakukan monit yang melakukan restart aplikasi ataupun restart server.
Dalam artikel ini saya menggunakan centos 5.4, dan tahapan instalasi yang dilakukan yaitu :
- Aktifkan repository rpmforge
- jalankan install monit
# yum install monit –disablerepo=* –enablerepo=rpmforge
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
* rpmforge: apt.sw.be
rpmforge | 1.1 kB 00:00
rpmforge/primary | 2.3 MB 01:16
rpmforge 10725/10725
Setting up Install Process
Resolving Dependencies
–> Running transaction check
—> Package monit.i386 0:5.2.5-1.el5.rf set to be updated
–> Finished Dependency Resolution
Dependencies Resolved
================================================================================================================
Package Arch Version Repository Size
================================================================================================================
Updating:
monit i386 5.2.5-1.el5.rf rpmforge 560 k
Transaction Summary
================================================================================================================
Install 0 Package(s)
Upgrade 1 Package(s)
Total download size: 560 k
Is this ok [y/N]: y
Downloading Packages:
monit-5.2.5-1.el5.rf.i386.rpm | 560 kB 00:19
Running rpm_check_debug
Running Transaction Test
Finished Transaction Test
Transaction Test Succeeded
Running Transaction
Updating : monit 1/2
Cleanup : monit 2/2
Updated:
monit.i386 0:5.2.5-1.el5.rf
Complete! - Hasil instalasi akan membuat file “/etc/monit.conf” yang berisi contoh file konfigurasi dan membuat sebuah folder “/etc/monit.d/” yang bisa kita isi dengan file konfigurasi kita.
- Tahap terakhir adalah menulis konfigurasi monit yang berisikan aplikasi a-plikasi server apa saja yang akan dimonitor.
Contoh konfigurasi :
1. Server, yaitu fungsi untuk remote akses monit melalui webserver. Untuk pembatasan akses bisa melalui alamat IP ataupun user dan password
set httpd port 2812
allow monit:monit
# use address localhost # only accept connection from localhost
# allow localhost # allow localhost to connect to the server and
# allow admin:monit # require user ‘admin’ with password ‘monit’
# allow @monit # allow users of group ‘monit’ to connect (rw)
# allow @users readonly # allow users of group ‘users’ to connect readonly
#
2. Apache webserver
check process httpd with pidfile /var/run/httpd.pid
start program = “/etc/init.d/httpd start” with timeout 60 seconds
stop program = “/etc/init.d/httpd stop”
if cpu > 60% for 2 cycles then alert
if cpu > 80% for 5 cycles then restart
if totalmem > 450.0 MB for 5 cycles then restart
if children > 250 then restart
if loadavg(5min) greater than 10 for 8 cycles then stop
if failed host 127.0.0.1 port 80 protocol http
then restart
if 3 restarts within 5 cycles then timeout
group server
Konfigurasi nomor 2 diatas apat dijelaskan sebagai berikut :
- Status apache webs server dimonitor melalui filepid /var/run/httpd.pid
- Proses restart aplikasi dilakukan melalui start dan stop program
- Apabila CPU 60% dalam 2 periode pengecekan maka akan memberikan alert
- Apabila CPU 80% dalam 5 periode pengecekan maka akan memberikan warning
- Apabila total memory yang terpakai lebih besar 450MB selama 5 periode maka restart
- Apabila jumlah proses apache mencapai 250, maka restart
- Apabila port 80 protokol http (tcp) gagal diakses, maka webserver akan di restart
- Apabila restart terjadi 5x, maka monitoring dihentikan
3. LDAP dengan openldap
check process ldap with pidfile /var/run/openldap/slapd.pid
start program = “/etc/init.d/ldap start” with timeout 60 seconds
stop program = “/etc/init.d/ldap stop”
if failed port 389 use type tcp
then restart
if 3 restarts within 5 cycles then timeout
group server
4. MySQL
check process mysqld with pidfile /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid
start program = “/etc/init.d/mysqld start” with timeout 60 seconds
stop program = “/etc/init.d/mysqld stop”
if cpu > 60% for 2 cycles then alert
if cpu > 80% for 5 cycles then restart
if totalmem > 300.0 MB for 5 cycles then restart
if loadavg(5min) greater than 10 for 8 cycles then stop
if failed host 127.0.0.1 port 3306
then restart
if failed unixsocket /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock protocol mysql
then restart
group database
5. snmp
check process snmpd with pidfile /var/run/snmpd.pid
start program = “/etc/init.d/snmpd start” with timeout 60 seconds
stop program = “/etc/init.d/snmpd stop”
if failed port 161 use type udp
then restart
if 3 restarts within 5 cycles then timeout
group server
Langkah terakhir yaitu menjalankan monit. Pada setiap server perintah menjalankan monit saya masukkan dalam file “/etc/rc.local” yang dieksekusi setiap kali server start.
/usr/bin/monit -c /etc/monit.conf -l /var/log/monit.log -p /var/run/monit.pid -d 120 -v
monit: Debug: Adding credentials for user ‘monit’.
monit: Error opening the idfile ‘/var/monit/id’ — No such file or directory
——————————————————————————-
/usr/bin/monit [0x805442e]
/usr/bin/monit(LogError+0×22) [0x8054842]
/usr/bin/monit(Util_monitId+0×2da) [0x806149a]
/usr/bin/monit(File_init+0×3e) [0x80525fe]
/usr/bin/monit(main+0×545) [0x80570f5]
/lib/libc.so.6(__libc_start_main+0xdc) [0x383e9c]
/usr/bin/monit [0x804ee51]
——————————————————————————-
Runtime constants:
Control file = /etc/monit.conf
Log file = /var/log/monit.log
Pid file = /var/run/monit.pid
Debug = True
Log = True
Use syslog = False
Is Daemon = True
Use process engine = True
Poll time = 120 seconds with start delay 0 seconds
Expect buffer = 256 bytes
Mail from = (not defined)
Mail subject = (not defined)
Mail message = (not defined)
Start monit httpd = True
httpd bind address = Any/All
httpd portnumber = 2812
httpd signature = True
Use ssl encryption = False
httpd auth. style = Basic Authentication
The service list contains the following entries:
Process Name = snmpd
Group = server
Pid file = /var/run/snmpd.pid
Monitoring mode = active
Start program = ‘/etc/init.d/snmpd start’ timeout 60 second(s)
Stop program = ‘/etc/init.d/snmpd stop’ timeout 30 second(s)
Existence = if does not exist 1 times within 1 cycle(s) then restart else if succeeded 1 times within 1 cycle(s) then alert
Pid = if changed 1 times within 1 cycle(s) then alert
Ppid = if changed 1 times within 1 cycle(s) then alert
Port = if failed localhost:161 [DEFAULT via UDP] with timeout 5 seconds 1 times within 1 cycle(s) then restart else if succeeded 1 times within 1 cycle(s) then alert
Timeout = If restarted 3 times within 5 cycle(s) then unmonitor
Process Name = mysqld
Group = database
Pid file = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid
Monitoring mode = active
Start program = ‘/etc/init.d/mysqld start’ timeout 60 second(s)
Stop program = ‘/etc/init.d/mysqld stop’ timeout 30 second(s)
Existence = if does not exist 1 times within 1 cycle(s) then restart else if succeeded 1 times within 1 cycle(s) then alert
Pid = if changed 1 times within 1 cycle(s) then alert
Ppid = if changed 1 times within 1 cycle(s) then alert
Unix Socket = if failed /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock [protocol MYSQL] with timeout 5 seconds 1 times within 1 cycle(s) then restart else if succeeded 1 times within 1 cycle(s) then alert
Port = if failed 127.0.0.1:3306 [DEFAULT via TCP] with timeout 5 seconds 1 times within 1 cycle(s) then restart else if succeeded 1 times within 1 cycle(s) then alert
Load avg. (5min) = if greater than 10.0 8 times within 8 cycle(s) then stop else if succeeded 1 times within 1 cycle(s) then alert
Children = if greater than 1000 1 times within 1 cycle(s) then restart else if succeeded 1 times within 1 cycle(s) then alert
Memory amount limit (incl. children) = if greater than 307201 5 times within 5 cycle(s) then restart else if succeeded 1 times within 1 cycle(s) then alert
CPU usage limit = if greater than 80.0% 5 times within 5 cycle(s) then restart else if succeeded 1 times within 1 cycle(s) then alert
CPU usage limit = if greater than 60.0% 2 times within 2 cycle(s) then alert else if succeeded 1 times within 1 cycle(s) then alert
Process Name = ldap
Group = server
Pid file = /var/run/openldap/slapd.pid
Monitoring mode = active
Start program = ‘/etc/init.d/ldap start’ timeout 60 second(s)
Stop program = ‘/etc/init.d/ldap stop’ timeout 30 second(s)
Existence = if does not exist 1 times within 1 cycle(s) then restart else if succeeded 1 times within 1 cycle(s) then alert
Pid = if changed 1 times within 1 cycle(s) then alert
Ppid = if changed 1 times within 1 cycle(s) then alert
Port = if failed localhost:389 [DEFAULT via TCP] with timeout 5 seconds 1 times within 1 cycle(s) then restart else if succeeded 1 times within 1 cycle(s) then alert
Timeout = If restarted 3 times within 5 cycle(s) then unmonitor
Process Name = httpd
Group = server
Pid file = /var/run/httpd.pid
Monitoring mode = active
Start program = ‘/etc/init.d/httpd start’ timeout 60 second(s)
Stop program = ‘/etc/init.d/httpd stop’ timeout 30 second(s)
Existence = if does not exist 1 times within 1 cycle(s) then restart else if succeeded 1 times within 1 cycle(s) then alert
Pid = if changed 1 times within 1 cycle(s) then alert
Ppid = if changed 1 times within 1 cycle(s) then alert
Port = if failed 127.0.0.1:80 [HTTP via TCP] with timeout 5 seconds 1 times within 1 cycle(s) then restart else if succeeded 1 times within 1 cycle(s) then alert
Load avg. (5min) = if greater than 10.0 8 times within 8 cycle(s) then stop else if succeeded 1 times within 1 cycle(s) then alert
Children = if greater than 250 1 times within 1 cycle(s) then restart else if succeeded 1 times within 1 cycle(s) then alert
CPU usage limit = if greater than 80.0% 5 times within 5 cycle(s) then restart else if succeeded 1 times within 1 cycle(s) then alert
CPU usage limit = if greater than 60.0% 2 times within 2 cycle(s) then alert else if succeeded 1 times within 1 cycle(s) then alert
System Name = system_ldapdev
Monitoring mode = active
——————————————————————————-
monit: pidfile ‘/var/run/monit.pid’ does not exist
Starting monit daemon with http interface at [*:2812]
Semoga aplikasi monit dapat bermanfaat bagi anda semua. Amien
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